Taiwan Adaptation Platform, TAP

1. Climate Change Adaptation 

(1) Enhance disaster risk evaluation and disaster management 

• Conduct disaster risk evaluation of climate change; review the vulnerability highlighted by previous extreme climate disasters, assess measures that have been taken, and review their effectiveness in mitigating risks and vulnerabilities.
• Strengthen risk management of climate change, improve early warning and response mechanisms, conduct simulations of scenarios, comprehensive risk evaluation and management, climate risk sharing mechanisms, and develop an adaptation program to respond to extreme weather impacts and enhance resilience.

(2) Raise resilience of infrastructure

• Strengthen the ability of construction, risk assessment and repair of energy and water supply systems.
• Improve adaptability of facilities of transport, communication and information systems against climate change.

(3) Maintain a balance between water supply and demand 

• Establish diversified water resource acquisition strategies as well as water conservation and water circulation habits; reasonably allocate water resources for different purposes to ensure sustainable usage of water. 
• Strengthen the flexibility of water resource system against climate change, drastic increase in rainfall, and increased volatility of water levels during wet and dry seasons. 

(4) Assure land use safety and strengthen land consolidation and management mechanisms 

• Carry out environmental conservation, perform reasonable land conservation and restoration; strengthen land management mechanisms to assure land use safety. 
• Enhance the resilience of urban and rural areas and improve land use sustainability. 
• Implement river basin management policies, which include integration and harmonization of river basin safety, humans, the environment and ecology. 

(5) Prevent coastal hazards and ensure sustainability of marine resources 

• Establish appropriate prevention facilities or mechanisms to mitigate coastal disasters. 
• Protect marine resources and marine wildlife habitats, foster sustainable development of the ecosystem. 
• Strengthen monitoring and an early warning mechanism to respond to coastal hazards and impacts of coastal change. 

(6) Improve adaptability of the energy supply system and industries  

• Ensure infrastructure safety and stability of energy supply facilities. 
• Build an environment that reduces climate risks and strengthens adaptive capacities. 
• Elevate businesses’ ability of risk management and opportunity exploration, to develop climate-resilient products and services. 

(7) Secure agricultural production and ensure biodiversity 

• Safeguard resources for agricultural production, strengthen the monitoring and early warning system, reinforce government subsidies and insurance system, integrate technology to improve the capacity for stress resistance in agriculture, forestry, fishery and animal husbandry, ensure food security and construct sustainable agriculture that is adaptive to climate risks. 
• Refine the management of nature reserves; establish a long-term ecology monitoring system; improve preservation and reasonable application of species and genetic diversity, respectively. 

(8) Reinforce the public health and epidemic prevention system and improve health risk management 

• Strengthen the capabilities of the public health and epidemic prevention systems for prevention, mitigation, contingency and recovery.
• Improve the ability of health risk monitoring, impact assessment and prevention to protect public health and ensure the rights of minority groups. 

2. Climate Change Mitigation 

(1) Adjust the energy supply structure and improve energy efficiency 

• Adjust the structure of energy supply, increase renewable energy deployment, construct a low carbon energy supply system, and accelerate the expansion of green energy within the energy mix. 
• Improve the efficiency of energy generation, usage, transmission and distribution, and promote energy conservation. 
• Take environmental quality and regional development into account during energy planning. 

(2) Transform to green business and execute sustainable production and consumption strategies 

• Provide counseling services to transform industries into green and low-carbon enterprises and boost green energy industries to raise the international competitiveness of products. 
• Compose comprehensive incentives for greenhouse gas reduction and augment greenhouse gas mitigation measures taken by industries. 
• Foster sustainable consumption habits and assist industries to apply sustainable production processes. 

(3) Develop green transportation and improve energy efficiency of the transportation system 

• Expand public transport systems and strengthen management of transportation demands. 
• Construct a green transport network, promote the use of low-carbon transportation, and create a green mode-oriented environment. 
• Enhance energy use efficiency of vehicles and transport systems. 

(4) Construct sustainable buildings and low carbon living areas 

• Reinforce energy conservation regulations for buildings, improve energy efficiency of buildings, implement carbon reduction measures for both new and existing buildings. 
• Implement energy efficiency classification and incentive mechanisms for existing buildings. 
• Conduct urban afforestation and consolidate the efforts of local governments and citizens to establish low-carbon living areas. 

(5) Boost the development of sustainable agriculture 

• Implement eco-friendly agricultural cultivation to stabilize agricultural production; preserve the environment related to agriculture, forestry, fishery and animal husbandry to ensure sustainable development of agriculture. 
• Promote low-carbon agriculture, encourage the application of renewable energy for agricultural purposes, and improve agricultural resource recycling. 
• Strengthen forest resource management, increase forest resources, raise the net quantity of national carbon sinks to elevate the benefits of forests’ carbon sequestration. 

(6) Alleviate environmental burdens and build a society that reuses and recycles energy and resources

• Incorporate practical actions of building resilience, greenhouse gas reduction, and environmental co-benefits when conducting environmental impact assessment of government policies and development projects.
• Perform energy and resource recycling to enhance the reuse of regional energy and resources.
• Decrease the greenhouse gas emissions from waste and sewage treatment.

3. Complementary Policies

(1) Mobilize capital from the private sector through the implementation of green finance; foster the development of the green energy industry and boost resilience. 

(2) Internalize the external costs incurred by greenhouse gas emissions via the carbon pricing scheme, including green taxation and cap-and trade. 

(3) Construct channels for the general public to access relevant climate change information; provide incentives or subsidy measures to trigger behavior change and region-specific low carbon action. 

(4) Promote climate change-related environmental education, cultivate professional personnel to respond to climate change issues, enhance the awareness and skills of the general public and convert them into daily low carbon actions.